1,528 research outputs found

    Evaluation of concrete deterioration through artificial neural networks based systems

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    The deterioration of concrete structures is one of the major concerns of our society. Indeed, concrete is a relatively sensitive material, which degrades throughout time. Factors like age, use, periodic maintenance, type of environmental exposure and aggression by biological, chemical, mechanical and physical agents are important to determine the level of degradation of the concrete structures. Logic Programming was used for knowledge representation and reasoning, letting the modeling of the universe of discourse in terms of defective data, information and knowledge. Artificial Neural Networks were used in order to evaluate the deterioration of concrete structures and the degree of confidence that one has on such a happening

    Desenvolvimento de um Sistema Inteligente para Avaliação do Estado de Degradação de Estruturas em Betão

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    O presente trabalho introduz um sistema computacional para avaliar a degradação de betão, centrado na Programação em Lógica e complementado com a estrutura computacional que assenta em Raciocínio Baseado em Casos. A metodologia proposta permite não só lidar explicitamente com informação incompleta como, também, otimizar os casos recuperados sempre que a solução sugerida não esteja em conformidade com os objetivos pretendidos. O modelo proposto foi testado com uma amostra real composta por 221 casos apresentando uma acuidade de 89,1 % permitindo, assim, afirmar que o modelo proposto revela um bom desempenho na avaliação do estado de degradação de estruturas em betão

    Assessing the Role of General Chemistry Learning in Higher Education

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    The inclusion of General Chemistry (GC) in the curricula of higher education courses in science and technology aims, on the one hand, to develop students' skills necessary for further studies and, on the other hand, to respond to the need of endowing future professionals of knowledge to analyze and solve multidisciplinary problems in a sustainable way. The participation of students in the evaluation of the role played by the GC in their training is crucial, and the analysis of the results can be an essential tool to increase success in the education of students and improving practices in various professions. Undeniably, this work will be focused on the development of an intelligent system to assess the role of GC. The computational framework is built on top of a Logic Programming approach to Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, complemented with a problem solving methodology moored on Artificial Neural Networks. The results so far obtained show that the proposed model stands for a good start, being its overall accuracy higher than 95%

    A logic programming approach for the conservation of buildings based on an extension of the Eindhoven Classification Model

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    The identification, classification and recording of events that may lead to the deterioration of buildings are crucial for the development of appropriate repair strategies. This work presents an extension of the Eindhoven Classification Model to sort adverse events root causes for Building Conservation. Logic Programming was used for knowledge representation and reasoning, letting the modelling of the universe of discourse in terms of defective data, information and knowledge. Indeed, a systematization of the evolution process of the body of knowledge in terms of a new factor, the Quality of Information one, embedded in the Root Cause Analysis was accomplished, i.e., the system proposed led to a process of Quality of Information quantification that permit the study of the event's root causes, on time

    International Standard ISO 9001 - An Artificial Intelligence View

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    ISO 9001 is recognized as a Quality Management Systems standard, i.e., it is the primary phase of a process of constant enhancement that will provide an organisation with the necessary management tools to improve working practices. Indeed, it provides a framework and a set of principles aimed at ensuring a common sense approach to the management of an organization in order to consistently satisfy customers and other stakeholders. Therefore, and in order to add value to ISO 9001, this work focuses on the development of a decision support system, which will allow companies to be able to meet the needs of customers by fulfilling requirements that reflect either the effectiveness or the non-effectiveness of an organization. The procedures for knowledge representation and reasoning used are based on an extension to the Logic Programming language, allowing the handling of incomplete, contradictory and even forbidden data, information and/or knowledge. The computational framework is centred on Artificial Neural Networks to evaluate customer’s satisfaction and the degree of confidence that one has on such a happening

    Quality of Learning under an All-inclusive Approach

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    Learning, knowledge, educations are syntax forms that stand for a multifaceted matter, and its assets set the advances on culture, organization, and social matters of any society. However, it is not enough just to instruct, it is necessary to do it with quality, in a holistic way, in order to develop academic and social skills. From this point of view, the weight of the formal, non-formal and informal learning contexts should be underlined, and the use of defective information must be emphasizing. Under this setting the assessment to quality of learning is mandatory, although it is hard to do with traditional methodologies for problem solving. Indeed, in this work we will focus on the development of a decision support system, in terms of its knowledge representation and reasoning procedures, under a formal framework based on Logic Programming, complemented with an approach to computing centered on Artificial Neural Networks, to evaluate the Quality of Learning and the respective Degree-of-Confidence that one has on such a happening

    Contributo para a realização de uma consulta de enfermagem de saúde mental em contexto domiciliário

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    O presente relatório pretende traduzir o percurso realizado durante o estágio no âmbito do 6º Mestrado em Enfermagem – Área de Especialização em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiatria, tendo presente a aquisição e o desenvolvimento das competências de Enfermeiro Especialista e Mestre em Saúde Mental e Psiquiatria previstas pela Ordem dos Enfermeiros (OE,2010). Este relatório ilustra as atividades desenvolvidas numa unidade de internamento de agudos de uma instituição psiquiátrica e num serviço de visitação domiciliária, com o objetivo de adquirir contributos para a realização de uma consulta de Enfermagem de saúde mental em contexto domiciliário. As intervenções desenvolvidas mobilizaram competências relacionais e comunicacionais e foram assentes na Teoria das Relações Interpessoais de Hieldgard Peplau e na Teoria do Recovery de Phil Barker. Realço como principais aprendizagens que contribuíram para a elaboração desta consulta de enfermagem de saúde mental em contexto domiciliário, a relação de ajuda, o clima de envolvimento e confiança com o cliente/família, o respeito pela sua individualidade, pelos seus desejos e interesses na construção do plano de recovery. Sendo estes o pilar da realização da consulta de enfermagem de saúde mental em contexto domiciliário

    A matemática escolar à luz das inteligências múltiplas

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    O estudo tem como preocupação central compreender como são usadas em aula as inteligências múltiplas propostas por Howard Gardner e de que forma elas ocorrem nas relações entre professores e alunos, observando as interações entre professoras e alunos; a sua frequência relativa e a forma como ocorrem simultaneamente. Para tal construiu-se um modelo teórico para a identificação destas ocorrências. Pretende-se também confrontar a categorização de competências KOM (competências e aprendizagem de matemática) com as inteligências múltiplas. Estiveram envolvidos no estudo cinco turmas, de quatro professoras, de uma escola secundária de uma cidade de média dimensão do interior de Portugal. Uma parte da metodologia adotada é a de uma investigação essencialmente qualitativa de cariz naturalista interpretativa e a outra parte, concentrou-se no desenvolvimento de um modelo teórico de categorização dos dados recolhidos, o protocolo de identificação. Este protocolo de identificação foi elaborado, explorado, validado e refinado em várias fases, ao longo da investigação. Foram definidas categorias e subcategorias de categorização, que foram sofrendo várias modificações até ficarem um conjunto de atitudes observáveis. O protocolo de identificação foi submetido à validação de especialistas na área e aos critérios de Schoenfeld. Com a versão final do protocolo de identificação os dados foram organizados em episódios e a partir desse modelo categorizados, sendo posteriormente analisados e interpretados. Os resultados obtidos permitem dizer que nos episódios das professoras são as inteligências lógico-matemática e linguística que se destacam e nos episódios dos alunos são as inteligências lógico-matemática e interpessoal que mais se observam, no entanto todas as outras inteligências ocorrem, quer isoladamente quer em evidências simultâneas. Quanto à relação existente entre as inteligências múltiplas e as competências KOM, os resultados permitem concluir que é forte entre as inteligências linguística e lógico-matemática e as competências KOM, apesar de a interação entre as restantes inteligências e competências também ser notória

    An evaluation of parchments' degradation a hybrid approach

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    Parchment stands for a multifaceted material made from animal skin, which has been used for centuries as a writing support or as bookbinding. Due to the historic value of objects made of parchment, understanding their degradation and their condition is of utmost importance to archives, libraries and museums, i.e., the assessment of parchment degradation is mandatory, although it is hard to do with traditional methodologies and tools for problem solving. Hence, in this work we will focus on the development of a hybrid decision support system, in terms of its knowledge representation and reasoning procedures, under a formal framework based on Logic Programming, complemented with an approach to computing centered on Artificial Neural Networks, to evaluate Parchment Degradation and the respective Degree-of-Confidence that one has on such a happening.(undefined

    The MATHUSLA Test Stand

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    The rate of muons from LHC pppp collisions reaching the surface above the ATLAS interaction point is measured and compared with expected rates from decays of WW and ZZ bosons and bb- and cc-quark jets. In addition, data collected during periods without beams circulating in the LHC provide a measurement of the background from cosmic ray inelastic backscattering that is compared to simulation predictions. Data were recorded during 2018 in a 2.5 ×\times 2.5 ×\times 6.5~m3\rm{m}^3 active volume MATHUSLA test stand detector unit consisting of two scintillator planes, one at the top and one at the bottom, which defined the trigger, and six layers of RPCs between them, grouped into three (x,y)(x,y)-measuring layers separated by 1.74 m from each other. Triggers selecting both upward-going tracks and downward-going tracks were used.Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures, 1 tabl
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